Background: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prevention strategies play a critical role in reducing the incidence of stroke and its associated disabilities. This review aims to assess the current approaches to stroke prevention, focusing on primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention measures. The effectiveness of lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and surgical procedures in preventing strokes will be evaluated based on recent evidence.
Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature published from 2017 to 2018 was conducted. Relevant studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses were analyzed to evaluate the impact of various prevention strategies on stroke incidence. Emphasis was placed on risk factor management, including hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and cholesterol levels.
Results: Several preventive measures, including blood pressure control, cholesterol management, smoking cessation, and the use of antiplatelet drugs, were found to be highly effective in reducing the risk of stroke [1][2][3][5]. Surgical interventions, such as carotid endarterectomy, also showed significant benefits in high-risk populations [6]. The review highlights the importance of early identification of risk factors and personalized prevention strategies.
Conclusion: Stroke prevention involves a multifaceted approach, combining lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and surgical strategies. Primary prevention through the management of risk factors, such as hypertension and smoking, is crucial. Secondary and tertiary prevention strategies further improve outcomes in individuals with a history of stroke or high-risk conditions. Continued efforts to improve awareness and access to preventive care are essential in reducing the global burden of stroke.